Part two of the epic adventure that is… Building The Coil Gun!

The Build

Now that we have all the parts we need we need to build the Coil Gun.

The enclosure is necessary to protect the components from the outside world as well as to protect the outside world from the components (aka fingers getting blown off). I used an enclosure from a local electronics store. It cost me around $8 and has plenty of room for all the hardware.

Ok so now you have to build the capacitor bank. The capacitors must be wired in parallel (+ to + and - to -). I used a stiff, heavy gauge wire that I bent into shape using needle nosed pliers. This allows the capacitor bank to keep its shape and it is a lot easier to solder together than with individual wires.

Once you have constructed the capacitor bank you have to connect it to the capacitor connector on the charging circuit. Personally I used some medium gauge wire that I had lying around, but you can use anything really (as long as it can handle the current). You also have to make sure that the capacitor bank is connected with the right polarity. (+ to+ and- to -). Then you have to wire up the charging switch. You can use any type of wire for this as the switch is super low current, but I chose to use some scrap magnet wire because it was thin enough to solder to the switch pads. The other end of this wire is connected to the switch on the enclosure and is used to start or stop the charging cycle.

The charging and firing switches, capable of withstanding up to 10 Amps. (Smaller switches become welded shut when the coil gun is fired)

My power supply of choice is a D cell battery. The D size will give many more shots than a AA before having to be replaced. Also, using a battery will also allow the coil gun to be portable. To wire the battery all you have to do is solder the + and - from the holder to the + and - on the charging circuit.

Now the only part left to wire is the actual coil. In my coil gun I wired a switch in series with the capacitor bank and the coil. When the switch is turned on the capacitors are directly discharged into the coil.

The “gun” part of the coil gun was made using a BIC pen. The pen was disassembled and everything but the tube was thrown out. The pen tube will act as the barrel of the gun.

I drilled a small hole at the end of the pen tube to help reduce the suction effect that is produced when the projectile is leaving the barrel.

To build the actual coil I used magnet wire and wrapped it around the bottom of the tube about 1.5 cm from the end. The coil was about 3 cm wide and after every layer I “laminated” it with scotch tape. This helps the coil keep its shape as well as preventing shorts. When you make your coil you always have to remember to wrap the wire the same direction in every layer. (clockwise or counter clockwise) Also you should make sure that the turns are tight and close together but not crossing each other. If you follow these rules you will end up with a very powerful coil. My coil had 8 layers.

At the last minute I decided to add a diode across the firing switch. The diode protects the capacitors from feedback created in the coil after firing.

Once everything was wired up and taped in the enclosure I covered most exposed parts with electrical tape to reduce the chances of a short. (Or the dreadful blown off finger)

The projectile. (A machine screw cut with a hacksaw)

The finished coil gun. w00t!

Now I just have to test it and tweak it